精神疾病患者司法鉴定中的性别差异

摘要

Objective:Tounderstand gender differences in forensic psychiatric cases, and compare the different characteristics of the appraised men and women. Methods:A retrospective survey was conducted on 133 cases of forensic expertise tounderstand gen-der differences. Results:(1)There was no significant difference in the distribution of the age groups between men and women(P>0. 05);(2) There were significant differences in culture and marital status between men and women (P<0. 05); (3) The top three cases of the men were hurt, murder, and theft, while those of women were raped, murder and hurt;the rate of the hurt cases of the ap-praised men and women was 3. 54:1, and the difference was very significant(x2=9. 262, P<0. 01);(4)The top three diseases in the men were schizophrenia, psychosis and mental retardation, while those of the women were schizophrenia, mental retardation and psy-chosis;the difference ofthe mental retardation ratio of the men and the women was statistically significant(x2=5. 538, P<0. 05);(5) The rate of total criminal responsibility of the men was significant higher than that of the women, and the difference was very significant (x2=17. 88, P<0. 01);moreover, the difference of the defense ability between men and women was very significant. Conclusions:Gender differences between men and women in the forensic psychiatric appraisal are reflected in many aspects.%目的：：探讨精神疾病患者司法鉴定案例中的性别差异,比较男、女被鉴定人的不同特点。方法：回顾性分析133例司法鉴定案例中的被鉴定人的临床资料,对其进行性别差异分析。结果：①男、女被鉴定人各年龄段分布无明显差异(P>0.05)；②男、女被鉴定人在文化、婚姻状况方面有显著差异(P<0.05)；③案情居前三位的男性被鉴定人是伤害、杀人、盗窃；女性被鉴定人分别是被强奸、杀人、伤害。男性被鉴定人伤害案比率是女性的3.54倍,差异非常显著(x2=9.262,P<0.01)；④疾病分类居前三位的男性是精神分裂症、无精神病、精神发育迟滞。女性被鉴定人分别是精神分裂症、精神发育迟滞、无精神病,女性精神发育迟滞与男性比率差异有统计学意义(x2=5.538,P<0.05)；⑸男性被鉴定人完全刑事责任能力比率较女性明显偏高,差异非常显著(x2=17.88,P<0.01),女性被鉴定人性防卫能力比率与男性相比差异非常显著。结论：司法精神病鉴定中男、女性别差异体现在多个方面。