Physical Methods and Parameters for Assessing the Strength, Fatigue, Durability and Damage to a Structural Material

摘要

The methods and criteria of the physical theory of strength are used. The initial physical and mechanical parameters of the strength of steel 45 were determined analytically. Strength, fatigue and damage to steel were calculated for non-stationary mechanical and various thermal loads. The ratio between the physical and generally accepted mechanical parameters of the material strength is determined analytically. The result of the calculation of the new characteristics of the strength of the damaged material is given. The method takes into account plastic deformation, an arbitrary form of stress cycle, temperature mode. Additional physical criteria for evaluating the strength properties are proposed. We use our own calculation programs, which allow us to take into account the changed characteristics of the damaged material for various stress functions. The physical method allows you to analyze and quickly process the rheological data of sensors that control the parameters of the material under load. A method for rapid analysis and comparison of the results of indentation into the material in accordance with ISO 14577 using various indenters is proposed. Physical parameters of the material and new theoretical methods of calculation can be used to assess the properties of materials, monitor the condition and predict the strength and durability of the material of machines during operation.