4D打印-智能材料的增材制造技术

摘要

3D Printing technology of smart materials makes it promising to fabricate complex smart material systems of arbitrary shapes. 4D Printing technology,combining 3D Printing technology and smart materials,refers to the technology to use 3D Printing technology to fabricate smart material systems capable of changing shapes over time in a controlled fashion under external stimuli, such as electric or magnetic field, temperature, moisture, light, pH etc. We review recent advances and applications of Additive Manufacturing technology of smart materials and the development of the novel 4D Printing technology. We also provide a brief outline of our research on Additive Manufacturing technology of smart materials systems and 4D Printing technology.%4D打印是指智能材料的增材制造，智能材料结构在3D打印基础上在外界环境激励下随着时间实现自身的结构变化。4D打印是3D结构打印与智能材料性能的结合。阐述4D打印的基本技术特征，介绍了目前国际上利用增材制造技术制备智能材料的研究发展状况，展示了几种典型应用，给出了在此方面的研究初步进展，并分析了4D打印技术发展的趋势。