超细晶／纳米晶钨——未来聚变堆面向等离子体材料

摘要

Tungsten is the most promising plasma facing material (PFM) for future fusion reactors operated under high parameter) quasi-steady states. Ultra-fine grainedano-crystalline (UFG/NG) microstructure, probably due to improvements on the thermal-mechanical properties and the anti-irradiation performance of tungsten, is among the potential directions towards future tungsten PFM. State of preparing the UFG/NG tungsten grades by means of severe plastic deformation (SPD) and powder metallurgy manufacturing methods is introduced in detail. Equal channel angular pressing, one of the SPD methods, may be a possible breakthrough method in preparing high density, good thermal-mechanical properties, bulk UFG/NG tungsten PFM grades.%钨为未来高参数准稳态运行聚变堆最有前景的面向等离子体材料.超细晶／纳米晶结构有可能提高钨材料的热力学性能和抗粒子辐照性能,因而成为一个很有前途的研发方向.深度塑性变形和粉末冶金均已在制备超细晶／纳米晶钨方面开始了初步探索,深度塑性变形的等通道角挤压法因能制备致密度高、韧脆性能优异、大尺度的块体超细晶／纳米晶钨,极有可能在钨基面向等离子体材料制备方面取得突破.