聚变堆非电应用的研究进展

摘要

The research of ITER (International thermonuclear experimental reactor) has made a great progress in the whole world during the last decades,especially in the fusion energy.The ITER plans to build an experimental fusion reactor,and establishes a DEMO reactor for power generation.According to many reports,commercia-lization of power generation will be realized by the year 2050.Before the realization of the commercial application of fusion reactor on electricity,much more attention should be paid to the extention of the scientific research of non-electric application of fusion.The non-electric application of fusion includes the near-term application which involves the areas of the medical,danger detection,and long-term application which is thoroughly reflected mainly in the fields of transmutation,hydrogen production and space propulsion.The possibility of non-electric application of fusion is discussed and exemplified.%近几十年来,ITER(国际热核实验堆)计划在为将来提供商业用电研究方面取得了较大的进展.ITER首先打算搭建一个实验聚变堆,然后再建设一个商业示范聚变堆为今后的正式商业发电做出一定的铺垫.但根据如今世界范围内的研究进展,实现聚变堆的商业发电至少要在2050年.在此之前有必要扩大聚变堆的研究范围,因此聚变堆的非电应用研究必须受到足够的重视.聚变堆的非电应用研究包括短期应用研究和长期应用研究,短期应用研究主要体现在医学、危险物的检测等领域的研究,长期应用研究主要体现在嬗变、氢的制备、空间助推器等领域的研究.综述了聚变堆在各个方面的非电应用研究,并且讨论和举证了聚变堆非电应用的可行性.