基于锥形量热分析的聚丙烯/海泡石复合材料阻燃性能研究

摘要

以天然海泡石(Sepiolite,SEP)和用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)改性的有机海泡石(Organic-sepio-lite,OSEP)为填料,采用熔融共混法分别制备聚丙烯/海泡石(PP/SEP)、聚丙烯/有机海泡石(PP/OSEP)复合材料.根据锥形量热仪实验数据,选择热释放速率(HRR)、火灾性能指数(FPI)、生烟速率(SPR)、质量损失率(MLR)和燃烧残留物形貌分析,考察海泡石和有机海泡石对聚丙烯(PP)燃烧性能的影响.结果表明:CTAB以季铵盐的形式通过吸附方式键接在海泡石表面,改性后缔合和游离两种形式的-OH基团增加;阻燃PP的FPI有所提高,HRR最大降幅为66％,SPR由纯PP的0.117m2/s下降为0.0704m2/s,MLR由0.45g/s下降到0.20g/s;当有机海泡石阻燃剂添加量达到10％时,复合材料在燃烧过程中形成炭层.%PP/sepiolite(PP/SEP) and PP/organic-sepiolite(PP/OSEP) composites were prepared by melt blending, using sepiolite and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) modified sepiolite as filler. The heat release rate (HRR), fire performance index (FPI), smoke generation rate (SPR), mass loss rate (MLR) and combustion residues structure were used to analyze the combustion performance of the PP composites. The results show that CTAB is bonded with sepiolite by adsorption on the surface. The FPI of PP is improved by addition of SEP and OS-EP, the reduction of peak of HRR of the composites is 66% for PP/OSEP. The SPR of composite decreases by about 0. 0704m2/s from 0. 117m2/s of pure PP, while MLR decreases by about 0. 20g/s from 0. 45g/s.