有机共轭自组装材料及应用

摘要

Supramolecular chemistry as an important branch of the study of organic conjugated materials has at-tracted considerable attention.The nano/micrometer materials can be successfully assembled into functional materials through fundamental principles of supramolecular chemistry.In order to construct and control some special features of the supramolecular self-assemblies,the organic π-conjugated cores with unique photoelectric properties can be intro-duced into the molecular structures according to different application requirements.Self-assembly of organic conjuga-ted molecules into nano/miroscale objects offers many potential applications in electronically and biologically active ma-terials.Herein,self-assembling behaviors of organic conjugated molecules and their applications in nano/micrometer optical waveguide,OFET devices,molecular machines,and supramolecular sensors in recent years are summarized.%超分子化学自组装的重要研究内容是组装体的分子设计、合成及其组装过程。为了构筑和调控某些具有特殊功能的超分子自组装体，针对不同的应用要求，可引入具有独特光电性质及刚性的有机π-共轭分子作为基本组装单元，通过超分子弱相互作用组装成功能性纳米/微米材料。总结了近年来国内外有机共轭分子的自组装行为，并介绍了其在纳米/微米光波导材料、有机小分子光电器件、分子机器及超分子传感器中的相关应用。