地聚合物固化/稳定有毒重金属及作用机理研究进展

摘要

地聚合物作为一种新型铝硅酸盐无机聚合物胶凝材料,特殊的水化反应机理和水化产物使其在固化/稳定有毒重金属离子领域中得到更多的研究及应用.本文主要对地聚合物反应机理、产物、结构和性能,地聚合物固化/稳定有毒重金属离子的机理以及影响地聚合物固化/稳定有毒重金属离子效果的因素这三大方面做了综述,并为尚未有效利用的工业废渣(拜耳法赤泥)制备地聚合物及其在固化/稳定有毒重金属离子方面的研究提供理论依据和思路.最后,指出在地聚合物固化/稳定有毒重金属离子研究中存在的不足以及对未来研究做出了展望.%As a new aluminosilicate inorganic geopolymer cementitious material,the special hydration reaction mechanism and hydration products have made more research and application in the field of immobilized/stabilized toxic heavy metal ions.In this pa-per,the mechanism,products,structure and properties of geopolymer reaction,the mechanism of immobilization/stabilization of toxic heavy metal ions,and the factors that affect the effect of geopolymer immobilization/stabilization of toxic heavy metal ions were reviewed.We also provided the theoretical basis and ideas for the research on making use of the low utilization efficiency industrial waste (Bayer process red mud)to synthesize geopolymer and its properties of immobilizing/stabilizing toxic heavy metal ions.Final-ly,the shortcomings and the future prospects of the research on utilizing geopolymer to immobilize/stabilize the toxic heavy metal ions are pointed out.