纳米SiO2气凝胶的制备及保温隔热性应用研究进展

摘要

从 SiO2气凝胶的隔热机理出发,归纳了降低其导热系数的有效途径,概述了在溶胶-凝胶过程中硅源的甄选原则及开发趋势,总结了当前常用湿凝胶干燥工艺的优缺点并提出改进方法,着重介绍了当前保温隔热领域 SiO2气凝胶复合材料的种类及应用现状,最后对 SiO2气凝胶材料的发展前景进行了展望.%Based on the thermal insulation mechanism of silica aerogels,the effective ways to reduce the thermal conductivity are summarized.The selection principle and development trend of silicon source in the sol-gel process are summed up.Simultaneous-ly,the advantages and disadvantages of commonly-used wet gel drying process in silica aerogels are introduced and some improve-ment methods are put forward.Then elaborated the types and applications of silica aerogels in the field of thermal insulation.Finally, the development prospects of silica aerogels are prospected.