木质素基碳纤维制备的研究进展

摘要

Lignin is rich in nature,it is also renewable and with high carbon content.The application of lignin in the prepara-tion of carbon fiber has an unparalleled cost advantage.The development of lignin-based carbon fiber is briefly introduced.The pro-gress of the source,structure difference and carbon fiber preparation methods of kraft lignin,organosolv lignin and steam-explosion lignin is discussed in detail.As a result,the kraft lignin has been chosen as the best raw material for the preparation of low cost car-bon fiber.Furthermore,the future direction of lignin-based carbon fiber is pointed out,which aims to provide reference for the initial research of lignin-based carbon fiber.%木质素在自然界中储量丰富,并且可再生、碳含量高,将其应用于碳纤维的制备有着无可比拟的成本优势.简要介绍了木质素基碳纤维的发展进程,详述了硫酸盐木质素、有机溶剂型木质素和蒸汽爆破木质素的来源、结构差异及其碳纤维制备工艺过程进展,通过对比得出硫酸盐木质素是制备低成本碳纤维的最佳木质素原料,同时指出了木质素制备碳纤维的未来研究方向,旨在为木质素制备碳纤维的研究者提供参考.