6063铝合金挤压型材尺寸超差分析及模具优化设计

摘要

The distributions of metal flow rate along different extrusion directions and the pressure of welding room during hot extrusion of 6063 aluminum alloy profile were studied by HyperXtrude software.The reasons of size deviation were analysed and restrictive blockings were used to optimize the extrusion die.The simulation results show that the flow rates of metal in different directions was slow down after adding restrictive blockings,especially inward direction,so restrictive blockings could decrease the size deviation of the profiles.After the optimization method was applyed to pratical extrusion process,it was found that the uniformity of flow rates of metal were improved and the qualified aluminum alloy profiles could be obtained.%基于HyperXtrude软件,研究了6063铝合金空心型材挤压过程中不同方向上的金属流速及焊合室内的压力分布,分析了型材产生尺寸超差的原因,并提出了增加阻流块优化模具的方法.有限元模拟结果表明:增加阻流块后,金属在不同方向上的流速发生了变化,尤其是向型材中部流动的速度明显降低,因此可以解决型材尺寸超差的问题；将解决方法用于实际挤压型材后发现,增加阻流块确实能改善金属流速的均匀性,能生产出合格的型材.