高速列车制动盘材料的研究现状与展望

摘要

Conventional brake disc materials in high-speed train at home and abroad include cast iron,cast steel and forged steel.Steel brake disc has mature preparation progress and stable performance,but it can not meet the needs to lightweight and higher speed trends of tains.C/C composites,aluminum matrix composites and ceramics have several characteristics,such as low density and high specific heat capacity,but there are still some problems remain to be solved to apply these materials to brake disc of high-speed train.Besides,brake disc material surface strengthening technologies are briefly introduced.Finally,according to the features of different brake disc materials,some suggestions are presented aiming at the development direction of brake disc materials in China.%在国内外高速列车中，传统的制动盘材料主要包括铸铁、铸钢和锻钢，钢质制动盘的制备工艺成熟，性能稳定，但质量大，不能满足列车轻量化和向更高速度发展的需要；碳/碳纤维复合材料、铝基复合材料和陶瓷材料具有密度小、比热容大等优点，但要成功应用于高速列车制动盘仍有一些问题尚待解决；此外，简要介绍了制动盘材料的表面强化技术；最后，根据不同制动盘材料的优缺点，对我国制动盘材料的发展方向提出了一些建议。