南麂列岛岩相潮间带多毛类生态初步研究

摘要

A study of the spatio (4 transects: S1, S2, S3, S4) and seasonal (May, August, November in 2012 and February in 2013 which standed for spring, summer, autumn and winter) distribution of polychaetes was conducted on rocky intertidal zone of Nanji Archipalgo Marine Nature Reserve. The species of polychaete samples were iden-tified and the abundances and biomasses and other ecology indexes were calculated respectively. A total of 85 spe-cies were found. The average abundance and biomass were 492 ind/m2 and 39.50 g/m2, 895 ind/m2 and 20.95 g/m2, 639 ind/m2 and 16.51 g/m2, 511 ind/m2 and 9.04 g/m2 from spring to winter. The Shannon-Wiener index varied 2.950~4.864; the Pielou's evenness was 0.922~0.990; and the Margalef's species richness was 2.486~7.087. These parameters showed that the tide, seasonal changing and human activity had significant impacts on spatial distribu-tion and community character of polychaetes in rocky intertidal zone in different ways.%为了解南麂列岛国家海洋自然保护区岩礁相潮间带多毛类的生态现状和功能,于2012年5月(春季)、8月(夏季)、11月(秋季)和2013年2月(冬季)在保护区内进行了4次底栖生物调查,对采集的多毛类样品进行鉴定,并依此计算丰度、生物量和相关生物多样性指数。四季共采集到多毛类85种,春季多毛类平均丰度和平均生物量分别为492个/m2和39.50 g/m2,夏季为895个/m2和20.95 g/m2,秋季为639个/m2和16.51 g/m2,冬季为511个/m2和9.04 g/m2。各断面的物种多样性指数为2.950~4.864,均匀度指数为0.922~0.990,种类丰富度指数为2.486~7.087。最后通过分析发现,潮汐、季节变化和人类活动等因素不同程度地影响了多毛类在岩相潮间带的空间分布及群落特征。