In this study, we conducted a detailed field survey in 2012~2013 on the plankton resources in the south-ern waters of the Miaodao Archipelago (four voyages). Using multivariate statistical analysis techniques, we ana-lyzed the community characteristics of phytoplankton and zooplankton. We identified a total of 94 phytoplankton taxa, with diatoms being the main phytoplankton species Moreover, we identified 25 species of adult zooplankton and 13 species of larval zooplankton, with copepoda being the main zooplankton species. Our cluster analysis re-sults for phytoplankton and zooplankton showed significant seasonal differences in the community structures. The autumn and winter phytoplankton community structures were similar, as were the winter and spring zooplankton community structures. Multidimensional scaling analysis results showed that the summer phytoplankton community structure differed significantly from those in the other seasons. However, the largest seasonal difference for zoo-plankton was in autumn. The seasonal variation of the phytoplankton community was as follows: diatom- dinoflag-ellate community (autumn) → diatom community (winter) → diatom community (spring) → diatom- dinoflagellate community (summer). However, the seasonal variation of the zooplankton community was as follows: chaetognatha community (autumn) → chaetognatha-copepods community (winter) → copepods community (spring) → larva- chae-tognatha community (summer).%于2012~2013年4个航次对庙岛群岛南部海域进行了浮游生物调查。利用多元统计分析方法对浮游植物和浮游动物的群落特征进行了分析。调查结果显示,浮游植物共发现131种,硅藻为该海域主要浮游植物优势种；浮游动物共发现25种成体,13种幼体,桡足类为该海域主要浮游动物类群。对浮游植物和浮游动物的 CLUSTER 聚类结果表明,二者的群落结构季节间差异均较显著,秋季和冬季的浮游植物群落较相似,春季和冬季的浮游动物群落较相似。MDS 标序结果表明,夏季的浮游植物群落间的差异较显著,而浮游动物群落则为秋季。浮游植物群落的季节变化为硅-甲藻群落(秋季)→硅藻群落(冬季)→硅藻群落(春季)→硅-甲藻群落(夏季)；浮游动物群落的季节变化为毛颚动物群落(秋季)→毛颚动物-桡足类群落(冬季)→桡足类群落(春季)→浮游幼体-毛颚动物群落(夏季)。
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