衢山岛海域秋季浮游植物群落组成及影响因素

摘要

根据2010年10月的调查数据,对衢山岛海域浮游植物的种类组成、优势种、丰度、多样性及其环境因子进行了分析.在本次调查期闻,共采集到浮游植物7门181种,其中硅藻133种,占总种数的73.9％.为调查海域浮游植物群落的主要类群,且中肋骨条藻为绝对优势种；甲藻38种,占总种数的21.1％该海域浮游植物的种类组成和细胞丰度具有明显的潮周期特性,体现为大潮期浮游植物种类数和细胞丰度明显高于小潮期；大、小潮期间浮游植物平均H’分别为0.65和1.10;由聚类分析发现,浮游植物不同群落间组成差异显著.衢山岛海域富营养化现象较为严重,大潮期间,无机氮及活性磷酸盐的平均浓度分别为0.81 mg/L和0.04 mg/L;小潮期间,无机氮及活性磷酸盐的平均浓度分别为1.04 mg/L和0.04 mg/L.%The species composition, dominant species, and the abundance of phytoplankton were investigated in Qushan Island in October, 2010. Total 181 species of phytoplankton were commonly found in the survey area, belonging to 7 phyla. The phytoplankton community was mainly composed of Bacillariophyta (133 species, 73.9 %), followed by Dinophyta (38 species, 21.1 %). The Skeletonema costatum was the most dominant species in this area. The species and cell abundances of phytoplankton took on the obvious tidal-cycle characteristics. It showed that phytoplankton species and cell abundance in spring tide were larger than those in neap tide. The average diversity indices (H') of phytoplankton during spring tide and neap tide were 0.65 and 1.10, respectively. The cluster analysis showed that each group had significant differences. The eutrophication was serious in Qushan Island, During the spring tide, the contents of DIN and DIP were 0.81 mg/L and 0.04 mg/L, and during the neap tide, the contents of DIN and DIP were 1.04 mg/L and 0.04 mg/L, respectively.