1988-2009年北印度洋海域风候统计分析

摘要

利用具有较高时空分辨率的1988-2009年的CCMP (Cross-Calibrated,Multi-Platform)风场资料,对北印度洋海域的风候特征进行深入统计分析,为防灾减灾、航海、海洋能开发等提供参考.研究发现:(1)北印度洋受季风影响显著,MAM期间阿拉伯海和孟加拉湾的风向呈顺时针旋转,JJA期间受西南季风影响显著,盛行西南风,SON期间为季风过渡季节,低纬度海域的西南季风仍未消退,而高纬度部分海域已经转受东北信风的影响,DJF期间整个北印度洋受东北信风影响显著.风速的大值区主要分布于索马里以东和阿拉伯半岛东南部海域、斯里兰卡东部海域和马纳尔湾. (2)6级以上大风的高频中心位于索马里和阿拉伯半岛东部海域. (3)近22年期间,北印度洋海域的海表风速整体上以0.0286m·s-1·a-1的速度显著性逐年线性递增,递增趋势较强的海域分布于中高纬海域:红海、马纳尔湾、孟加拉湾西部和北部海域、马六甲海峡、泰国湾、北部湾.%Based on the 1988-2009 wind field data which were of high time and space resolution, this paper made a statistical analysis on the wind climate characteristics of North India Ocean, and worked out the regular patterns of wind field in this ocean, which have provided the reference and assistance to make decision for preventing and reducing natural disasters, sailing, ocean engineering and exploitation of ocean energy. Results showed that (1) the North Indian Ocean was affected by the monsoon; (2) the area of large scale frequency was located in Somali and the east waters off the Arabic peninsula; (3) during the last 22 years, the sea surface wind speed in the North Indian Ocean appeared an obvious linear trend of annual increasing by 0.0286mos-loa-1 The area with decreasing tendency was mainly located in some small water areas.