城市客运车辆双蓄能器式油气减振器特性建模与仿真

摘要

In order to describe the behaviors of hydro-pneumatic damper,the physical model of the damper in light rail vehicle was built based on fluid dynamics. Both of the velocity behavior and displacement behavior were obtained. The solid damping valve, which was different from common hydraulic damper with metal valve plate was introduced in details. The discussion about influences on performance from key parameters was presented. The conclusion is that velocity and original air pressure are crucial factors to the hydro-pneumatic damper. Hydro-pneumatic damper with dual accumulators is a gas-liquid combination with variable stiffness and non-linear damp,which is suitable for passenger vehicle whose load is changed largely.%　　为准确描述双蓄能器式油气减振器力学特性，基于流体力学原理，完整建立了某型城市客运车辆双蓄能器式油气减振器的力学模型，仿真得到了该型油气减振器的速度特性与位移特性；详细介绍了不同于一般车辆液压减振器阀片式的实体式阻尼阀；讨论油气减振器关键参数对其外特性的影响，发现振动速度、蓄能器气压等因素对油气减振器外特性影响较大。双蓄能器式油气减振器是一类集变刚度特性与非线性阻尼力的气、液耦合体，适合载重量变化较大的城市客运车辆，有利于改善车辆平顺性。