羧酸基表面活性剂对磁流变液摩擦磨损性能的影响∗

摘要

A novel silicon oil⁃based magnetorheological fluids were prepared with carbonyl iron powder as magnetic par⁃ticles,SiO2 as thixotropic agents,and stearic acid,lauric acid,dimer acid,polyacrylic acid as the surfactants separatedly. The effect of surfactants on tribological properties of magnetorheological fluids was investigated by MMW⁃1P⁃utility tribom⁃eter,and the worn surface was observed by SEM to analyze the friction mechanism of silicon oil⁃based magnetorheological fluids.The results indicate that the carboxylic acid⁃based surfactants can enhance the viscosity of magnetorheological fluids and improve the tribological properties,however the wear mechanism of magnetorheological fluids is still the typical three body abrasive wear.Stearic acid and lauric acid are outstanding in tribological properties for the five kinds of surfactants.%以羰基铁粉为磁性颗粒， SiO2为触变剂，油酸、硬脂酸、月桂酸、二聚酸、聚丙烯酸分别作为表面活性剂，制备硅油基磁流变液；采用MMW⁃1P型多功能摩擦磨损试验机考察表面活性剂对磁流变液摩擦磨损性能的影响，采用扫描电子显微镜观察钢球磨痕表面形貌，分析硅油基磁流变液的摩擦机制。实验结果表明，羧酸基类表面活性剂的加入增加磁流变液的黏度，影响其摩擦学性能，但磁流变液的磨损机制仍为典型的三体磨粒磨损。研究的5种表面活性剂中，硬脂酸、月桂酸减摩抗磨效果较好。