滑套密封技术分析与性能评估∗

摘要

As an important tool of the slicing mining technology of petroleum and natural gas,sliding sleeves’ sealing performance directly affects on the slicing mining effect.Different sealing solutions used for the sliding sleeves were classi⁃fied and summarized,including the O⁃ring seal,lip seal,special seal and their different combination sealing forms.The seal⁃ing performances were evaluated for different forms of seals from five aspects,such as sealing effect,shearing resistance, wear resistance,service life and cost.By considering the five indicators synthetically,sleeve seals can choose simple star⁃rings,star⁃rings with apron,U⁃rings,double triangle rings of Tecom,and other forms of seals.Taking economy and practica⁃bility into consideration,simple O⁃rings and O⁃rings with flat apron are more applicable at slow speed and low pressure, and combination of O⁃rings and trapezoidal rings,fabric reinforced rubber combination V⁃ring seals,K⁃type seals of Tecom Manchester,T⁃rings of TeKanggelai are usually used at high pressure and large speed change.%滑套作为石油天然气分层开采技术的重要工具，其密封性能直接影响着施工的效果。对用于滑套的不同密封方案进行总结分类，包括O形圈密封、唇形密封、特殊型密封及其不同的组合密封形式；从密封效果、抗剪切性、耐磨性、使用寿命、成本5项指标对各类密封进行性能评估。综合考虑5项指标，滑套密封可选用简单星形密封圈、星形密封圈加挡圈、 U型密封圈、特康双三角密封圈等密封形式；而从经济实用方面来考虑，低压且速度不高时，可使用简单O形圈、 O形密封圈加平挡圈；压力较高且速度变化较大时，可使用O形圈和梯形环的组合、 V形夹织物橡胶组合密封圈、 K型特康斯特密封圈、 T型特康格来圈。