为获得产率高、重复性好的纳米二硫化钼制备工艺,提出纳米级二硫化钼的水热法可控制备方法.以钼酸钠、硫代乙酰胺为前驱体,分别以聚乙二醇(PEG-20 000)、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)、无水乙醇为表面活性剂,利用水热法制备出球状和花状纳米二硫化钼粒子.通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜对产物特性进行表征,通过四球摩擦磨损试验机考察2％纳米二硫化钼在N46润滑油中的极压性能测试.结果表明:酸性环境下,添加表面活性剂PEG-20 000和CTAC可得到球状结构的纳米二硫化钼颗粒,粒径均匀,粒径约为100 nm;而添加无水乙醇时可得到花状结构的纳米二硫化钼颗粒,在硫酸和盐酸环境下粒径分别为190和70 nm;在硫酸环境下,以聚乙二醇为表面活性剂时二硫化钼产率最高,可达78.82％;制备的纳米球状二硫化钼作为润滑油添加剂显著提高了润滑油的极压性能,与工业二硫化钼相比,最大无卡咬负荷最大可提高42％左右.%In order to obtain the preparation process of nano molybdenum disulfide with high yield and good reproducibility,a controllable hydrothermal preparation method of nano molybdenum disulfide was proposed.With sodium molybdate and thioacetamide as precursors,respectively with polyethylene glycol (PEG-20 000),hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC),anhydrous ethanol as surfactant,sphere and flower molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method.By X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscope (SEM),the characteristics of the product were characterized.And the extreme pressure property test of 2％ nano molybdenum disulfide in N46 lubricating oil was carried out by four-ball friction and wear tester.The results show that in the acidic conditions,when adding surfactant PEG-20 000 and CTAC,the sphere structure of molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles with uniform particle size of about 100 nm can be obtained;when adding surfactant anhydrous ethanol,the flower structure of molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles,with particle size of 190 nm in sulfuric acid environment and 70 nm in hydrochloric acid environment,can be obtained.In sulfate environment,the yield of molybdenum disulfide is the highest when polyethylene glycol is used as surfactant,which can be up to 78.82％.Prepared nano-spherical molybdenum disulfide as lubricating oil additives significantly improves the extreme pressure properties of lubricating oil.As compared with comercial molybdenum disulfide,the maximum nonseizure load can be increased about 42％ at most.
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