全国784家临床实验室检验结果解释性注释的现况调查与分析

摘要

目的 针对检验结果解释性注释进行全国性的现况调查,旨在了解该项检验后活动的开展情况,并提供改进检验报告质量的建议.方法 调查对象是2018年参加国家卫生健康委员会临床检验中心开展的室间质量评价的医院检验科,采用问卷调查形式在线收集填报信息,问卷分为两个部分,第一部分为医院及检验科基本情况调查,第二部分为检验结果解释性注释相关信息的调查,并进行统计分析.结果 调查共发出1 868份问卷,784家医院检验科反馈结果,其中90.56％的实验室检验医师人数不超过5人,且大多集中在三级甲等综合性医院.在提供检验结果解释性注释的660家检验科中,负责解释结果的人员职称为中级及以上检验技师的占99.70％.大部分医院检验科认为无法获取充足的患者临床信息是阻碍开展解释性注释的重要因素.结论 全国临床实验室检验结果解释性注释的开展存在许多问题,实验室应加强与临床的沟通交流,确立检验医师的岗位职责,定期比对结果解释人员的能力,从而提升检验报告的价值,改进检验后阶段的质量.%Objective To conduct the national situation survey by aiming at the interpretative comment of testing results in order to understand the development situation of activity after test and provide the suggestions to improve quality of reports.Methods The respondents were the clinical laboratories participating in2018external quality assessment (EQA) organized by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL) of the National Health Commission, the submitted information was collected on line by adopting the questionnaire survey mode.The questionnaire included two major parts.The first part was about general information of hospital and laboratories and the second part was the interpretative information related information.Then the statistical analysis was performed.Results A total of 1 868questionnaires were issued and 784hospital laboratories gave the feedback results.The number of laboratory physicians in 90.56％of laboratories did not exceed 5, moreover the majority was concentrated in the Class 3Ageneral hospital.In 660laboratories that provided interpretative commenting, the professional titles of individuals responsible for interpreting the results were the intermediate or above laboratory technicians, accounting for 99.70％.Most laboratories considered that unable to gain sufficient clinical information was an important factor in impeding the laboratories carrying out interpretative commenting.Conclusion There are many problems for carrying out interpretative commenting of test results in clinical laboratories of our country.Laboratories should enhance the communications with clinic, establish the position responsibility of laboratory physicians and compare the ability of interpretative commenting periodically, thus elevating the value of test reports and improving the quality of post-analytical phase.