牛心左束支及其Purkinje纤维网形态学观测

摘要

目的 观测牛心左束支及Purkinje纤维网的结构和分布,为比较解剖学积累资料.方法 22例黄牛心大体标本,墨汁灌注法显示其左束支及Purkinje纤维网,观测其形态结构.以前、后两乳头肌连线为x轴,以左束支主干为y轴建立直角坐标系,把左心室分为4个象限,肉眼计量Purkinje 纤维网密度,用"+"的多少表示其分布密集程度.结果 左束支主干呈扁带状走行于室间隔左侧心内膜下,长度为27.07±5.96 mm,宽度为5.64±2.12 mm; 一级分支有二分叉型(31.82%)、三分叉型(63.64%)和网状(4.55%)3种类型; 左心室内膜下Purkinje纤维网在不同象限分布密度不同,第Ⅲ和第Ⅳ以"++"为主,分别为17例(77.27%)和15例(68.18%); 在第Ⅰ和第Ⅱ象限以"+++"为主分别为12例(54.55%)和9例(40.91%).结论 牛心左束支及Purkinje纤维网的结构和分布与人心相似,但有其特异性.%Objective To collect data for comparative anatomy on the structure and distribution of the left bundle branch and Purkinje fiber networks in bovine heart. Methods The morphosis of left bundle branches and Purkinje fiber networks were observed after perfusing Chinese ink into 22 bovine heart gross specimens. The left -angle coordinate was built by the anterior and the posterior papillary muscles line as x-axis, and the main trunk of the left bundle branch serves as y-axis.Then the right ventricle was divided into four quadrants. The density of Purkinje fiber networks was measured by naked eyes and expressed with the number of signal"+". Results The main trunk of the left bundle branch, which showed the flat band shape, ran along the sub-endocardium of the left part of inter-ventricular septum.It's length was 27.07±5.96 mm and it's width was 5.64±2.12 mm; There were three types in the first branch: shape of two branches(31.82%), shape of three branches (63.64%), and networks(4.55%); The density of Purkinje fiber networks of sub-endocardium in left ventricle varies in different quadrants .The types III and IV quadrants mainly indicated "++", 17 (77.27%) and 15 (68.18%) cases in them respectively; The types I and II quadrants mainly indicated " +++", and there were 12 (54.55%) and 9 (40.91 %) cases in them respectively. Conclusion The structure and distribution of left bundle branch and it's Purkinje fiber networks of bovine heart is similar with human heart but there is some specificity for bovin heart.