树鼩形觉剥夺性近视模型的建立及观察

摘要

Objective To establish the adolescence and early adulthood form deprivation myopia (FDM) model in tree shrew and to observe the retinal morphology,in order to explore the role of age in the development of myopia and the effection of local retinal mechanism for FDM.Method Thirty tree shrews at age of 4 months and 5 months without congenital myopia and other eye diseases were respectively selected.All tree shrews were randomly divided into:control group,and cover group.In the cover group,right eyes served as the experimental eye,left eye as control eyes.Experimental eye were covered with handmade semi-translucent film.then measure the diopter and ?axial?length of tree shrews after being covered for 3 weeks and 6 weeks.The retinal thickness and the number of cells in each layer of retina were observed by electron microscopy after being covered for 6 weeks.Results The tree shrews were born 4 months and 5 months form deprivation after 3 weeks,hyperopia was alleviated but not statistically significant compared with control eyes,and two groups of tree shrews cover eye diopter and eye axis are different obviously compared with control eyes after 6 weeks.At deprivation period,axial continue to extend and gradually increase to myopia,and they have a good negative linear relationship.Form deprivation can lead to thinning of the retina of the tree shrew,can also lead to number decrease on photoreceptor cell layer,inner nuclear layer,and ganglion cell layer cells.Conclusion Form deprivation can induce myopia formation and retinal morphological change in adolescence and early adulthood tree shrews.%目的 建立树嗣性成熟期及成年早期形觉剥夺性近视(FDM)模型,探讨年龄在近视发生发展中的作用及以视网膜形态变化为主的局部视网膜机制与近视的关系.方法 4月龄和5月龄树鼩各30只,随机分为空白对照组、遮盖组.遮盖组右眼遮盖作为实验眼,左眼开放作为自身对照眼.用自制半透明眼罩建立形觉剥夺近视模型,然后撤出干预因素,分别于遮盖3周、6周测量各组屈光度及眼轴长度;于遮盖6周观察视网膜厚度及视网膜各层细胞数目变化情况.结果 4月龄和5月龄树鼩遮盖右眼3周后,遮盖眼远视度数均有所降低,但与自身对照眼相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);而遮盖6周后:两组的屈光度和眼轴与对照眼比较均有明显差异(P＜0.05);在遮盖期间,形觉剥夺眼眼轴不断增长,近视度数也逐渐增加,二者有很好的直线负相关关系;并且4月龄组所诱导出的近视程度高于5月龄组(P＜0.05).形觉剥夺可引起各层视网膜普遍变薄,有核细胞层、感光细胞层、内核层、神经节细胞层中胞核数减少,排列稀疏紊乱.结论 形觉剥夺可以诱导性成熟期及成年早期树鼩的近视形成及视网膜形态发生变化.