首页> 中文期刊>新疆大学学报(哲学·人文社会科学版) >时间副词'比尔'考论—从吐鲁番出土文书说起

时间副词'比尔'考论—从吐鲁番出土文书说起

     

摘要

"Bi-er" (比尔) emerged and was mainly used as a temporal adverb in Medieval Chinese to represent future tense and can be translated as"not long after"or"soon after". Different from the evolution of "Heng-er" (恒尔), "Zheng-er" (正尔), "Dun-er" (顿尔), "Pie-er" (瞥尔), "Hui-er" (会尔), "Ou-er" (偶尔),"Bi-er"(比尔) was the result of lexicalization rather than the structure of a temporal adverb plus a su?x. It is also found that"Bi"(比) indicated the past tense being an adverb and the future tense being a preposition when it was used to express time-related meanings. "Er" (尔) expressed time when used as the adverbial su?x.%"比尔"作为表将来的时间副词,形成和主要使用于中古汉语时期,可译为"不久、很快".与"恒尔、俄尔、正尔、顿尔、瞥尔、忽尔、会尔、偶尔"等"~尔"类词语的衍生机制不同,不是由时间副词"比"加词尾"尔"构成,而是介词短语词汇化的结果.考察过程中还发现:"比"表示与时间相关的意义时,其副词用法表过去,介词用法表将来,两者有较清晰的划分;"尔"作副词词尾时,只作时间副词的词尾.

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