从列维纳斯的“形而上学”视域看西方哲学的危机

摘要

在胡塞尔、海德格尔、维特根斯坦等哲学家论及哲学危机、终结的背景下,列维纳斯认为上述危机-终结论都是在奠基于＂存有＂的本体论意义上的哲学可能性的穷尽。但哲学首先并非是本体论的,他者先于自我,负责人的伦理学意义上的形而上学先于本体论。所以,已有的哲学危机论事实上反过来为哲学向他者的升越提供了契机。%Based on the statements of philosophical crisis that brought forward by several philosophies such as Edmund Husserl,Martin Heidegger and Ludwig Wittgenstein,Levinas argued that the crisis-end statements mentioned above refer to the exhaustion of the possibilities of philosophy which is based on the ontological significance of the ＂there is＂.However,philosophy is not ontological at the first place.The other precedes the same,while responsible metaphysics of ethics precedes ontology.Thus,the statements of philosophical crisis provide opportunity for philosophy moving forward to the other in return.