为了揭示压缩机舌簧阀启闭运动失效过程及其影响因素,建立了阀片运动的单质点模型和悬臂梁模型,在单质点模型中,综合考虑了阀片的有效工作长度、弹力、质量随位移变化的关系,在Matlab环境下,采用四阶龙格-库塔法计算程序对2种模型进行了求解.为了验证模型的有效性,建立了舌簧排气阀位移测量实验系统,并将测量结果与2种模型的计算结果进行了比较,结果表明,单质点模型相比悬臂梁模型能更准确地反映舌簧排气阀的运动规律.利用单质点模型分析了气阀升程、阀片厚度以及阀孔直径对舌簧阀动态特性的影响,分析结果表明:阀片升程增加,舌簧排气阀的初始关闭角减小,最大冲击速度增大;阀片厚度增大,对初始开启角影响不大,但初始关闭角提前;排气阀口直径减小,阀片开启、关闭时间延迟,压缩机能效比降低.该研究可为舌簧阀组结构参数选择、优化设计提供参考.%To reveal the motion failure process of the reed valve in a reciprocating compressor and influencing factors,the single-particle model and cantilever-beam model of valve motion are established.The relationships of the effective working length,elastic force and valve plate mass with the changing displacement are taken into account in the single-particle model.The fourthorder Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the two models in Matlab environment to find an efficient numerical solution.An experimental system is constructed to measure the actual reed valve movements and to verify the effectiveness.The measured data are compared with the calculated results of the two models.It is concluded that the single-particle model can describe the motion law of the reed valve more accurately.Hence,the influences of valve lift,valve plate thickness and valve orifice diameter on the dynamic characteristics of reed valve are analyzed with the single-particle model.It indicates that with the increasing valve lift,the initial closing angle of the discharge reed valve decreases while the maximum impact velocity increases;the increasing valve thickness imposes slight effect on the initial opening angle whereas the initial closing angle is advanced;with the decreasing exhaust valve port diameter,the valve opening time increases,the closing time tends to delay and the compressor energy efficiency ratio decreases.
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