论实践理性的环境法哲学观--基于当代环境法哲学中三个重要命题的思考

摘要

As to environment laws philosophy, environmental ethics is the vital issue of it. The features of environmental ethics such as richness, conflicts and the fundamental standard expression of environmental ethics value demanded by its selectivity should be environmental rights. However, in content the institutional construction of environmental law should pay more attention to rule the environmental obligation of social subjects meticulously and roundly, and the environmental obligation is necessary and restricted. It tends to choose “the public policy of moderate pollution” at the environment policy of economic society. Essentially, the practical rational philosophy of environment laws is philosophy of right of Marxist’s dialectics. It unifies scientism and humanism right and obligation. In addition, it’s a guiding method that fully ascertains human on the basis of respecting objective law. It is necessary, possible and feasible to apply the practical rational philosophy of environment laws to the china’s environmental law system construction.%环境法哲学的首要问题是环境伦理问题。环境伦理价值的丰富性、冲突性、选择性特征要求环境伦理价值的最基本的规范性表达是环境权利，但是，环境法的制度构建在内容上更多的是要细致而全面地规定社会主体的环境义务，这一义务是必要的和有限的。在经济社会环境发展政策的选择上更加倾向于“适度污染的公共政策”。实践理性的环境法哲学观本质上是马克思辩证唯物主义法哲学观，是一种将科学主义和人文主义有机统一，权利与义务统一起来的法哲学观，是一种在尊重客观规律的基础上，充分肯定人类的主观能动性的指导方法。在明白实践理性的环境法哲学观本质的基础之上，将其运用于我国环境法制建设有其必要性、可能性与可行性。