矿用扩径式吸能构件吸能防冲特性研究

摘要

为增强液压立柱的防冲性能，有效防治煤矿冲击地压，或在一定程度上减小冲击地压事故造成的损失，提出了一种与液压立柱结合使用的扩径式吸能构件。采用理论分析和试验研究方法，对构件吸能防冲特性进行研究，结果表明：轴向压缩下扩径式吸能构件具有非常好的稳定性和可重复性的变形破坏模式，且构件变形后向四周膨胀值仅为薄壁圆管厚度，几乎不占用其它空间。扩径式吸能构件压缩过程中具有较为理想的力－位移曲线。扩径式吸能构件冲程效率不受几何尺寸影响，扩径式防冲构件具有较小的载荷波动系数。理论推导得出了构件吸能防冲评价指标，并与试验结果具有较好吻合，为构件选取提供了理论依据。扩径式防冲构件是较为理想的吸能防冲构件。%To enhance the anti-impact performance of hydraulic columns,prevent and control the rockburst in coal mine effectively or at a certain level and to reduce the losses caused by rockburst accident,a kind of diameter-expanding energy absorption components combined with the hydraulic columns was put forward.The energy absorption and anti-impact properties of the components were studied by using the methods of theory analysis and experimental study.The results showed that the diameter-expanding energy absorption components under axial pressure have an excellent stability and repeatability of deformation and failure modes;the expansion value of the components after deformation is only equal to the thickness of the thin-walled circular tube,and it doesn't occupy any other space;the diameter-expanding energy absorption components have an ideal force-displacement curve in their compression process;their geometric size has no effect on their stroke efficiency, the diameter expanding anti-impact components have a smaller load fluctuation coefficient.The energy absorption and anti-impact evaluation index of the components was obtained through the theoretical derivation,and it agreed well with the experimental results.The study provided a theoretical basis for components selection.The diameter-expanding anti-impact components were ideal energy-absorption and anti-impact ones.