空气阻尼悬置非线性动态特性建模与仿真

摘要

由于空气阻尼悬置为汽车动力总成等系统的隔振元件,其性能与成本介于橡胶悬置与液阻悬置之间,以一典型空气悬置为研究对象,建立了动力学特性仿真分析的集总参数非线性模型.对其动特性进行了数值仿真,并与实验值进行了对比分析,结果证明了所建立模型的正确性.对影响空气悬置动特性的各因素进行了趋势研究,揭示了节流孔直径、节流孔长度、初始体积、激励振幅与绝热指数等因素对空气悬置特征参数的影响规律,其中减小节流孔直径可显著提高空气悬置阻尼.此研究的建模与仿真方法有助于空气悬置产品的设计与开发.%Air damped rubber mount (ADM) is a new kind of vibration isolator for automotive powertrains and other dynamic systems, and the dynamic characteristics and costs of ADM are between rubber mount and hydraulic mount. Nonlinear model with lumped mechanical and air elements for dynamic characteristic analysis of an ADM with a throttle orifice is proposed. A computer simulation for a typical ADM used in powertrain mounting system is performed, and the results are compared well with experimental data. The factors and laws that affected ADM dynamic characteristics, such as orifice diameter, orifice length, initial volume, excited amplitude and temperature are studied. And it is concluded that if the length of orifice is unchanged, decreasing the diameter of orifice will provide better damping effect. The modeling method and simulation results presented in this paper will contribute to research and development of ADM.