一种基于智能减振器的舰船机械设备主动减振系统研究

摘要

A sensing and actuation integrated smart isolator with passive and active hybrid control is developed in this paper for the purpose of engineering application.The active actuators,the power amplifiers,the high and the low pass filters,the acceleration error sensors and its amplifier and the filter circuits are integrated in a traditional passive isolation structure.With a no PC controller,an active vibration isolation system comes into being for marine machines.Then an active vibration isolation demonstration rig for a diesel engine generator is constructed.This rig located on a flexible steel plate,which simulates a ship structure,through 4 such kind of smart isolators.So the vibration of the flexible plate can be measured to evaluate the performance of the active isolation system.The experimental results show that 33 dB of passive vibration reduction in the range of 0～800 Hz is confirmed by the passive part of smart isolator,good active vibration reduction for most harmonic components is ensured by active control in low frequency range below 200 Hz.The maximum active vibration reduction of harmonics is 30.8 dB and the active vibration reduction in total vibration level is above 20 dB in the range of 0～200 Hz.The total vibration reduction by active and passive hybrid control is more than 47.2 dB within 0～800 Hz for the diesel engine generator.%面向工程的需要研制了主被动复合、传感作动一体化的智能减振器.它基于传统的被动隔振结构,集成了主动执行机构、功率放大设备及高低通滤波器、加速度误差传感器及后续的放大和滤波电路,与脱机运行的主动控制器构成针对舰船机械设备的主动减振系统.基于该系统建立了柴油发电机组主动减振演示台架.整个台架通过4个智能减振器坐落在一块模拟船体结构的弹性钢板上,通过测量弹性钢板的振动情况来评价主动减振系统的减振性能.演示台架试验结果表明,智能减振器在800 Hz以内的总振级有33 dB以上的被动减振效果,在此基础上的主动控制对200 Hz以内的多根线谱均有很好的控制效果,线谱最大有30.8 dB的主动衰减量,200 Hz以内总振级的主动衰减量达到20 dB.综合主被动减振的效果,智能减振器可以将演示台架的柴油发电机组0～800 Hz范围内的振动总振级衰减47.2 dB以上.