现生放射虫的水深分布及其环境指示意义

摘要

Radiolaria is an important group of modern marine zooplankton, which can occur in the whole water column (from the surface all the way down to several kilometers deep). It is also an indispensable micropaleontology fossil in the deep-sea sediments. Now, it is generally known that living radiolarians takes on distinct characteristics of vertical zoning, with regional difference in its vertical distribution. Many studies found that certain radiolarian species living in different water depths may be correlated with water-mass distributions, which can be used to indicate those water masses and reconstruct the paleo water masses. This paper reviews the recent progress in vertical distribution of living radiolarians, with an emphasis on its implication and application in modern oceanography and paleoceanography, and gives a general outlook for radiolarian depth characteristics study.%放射虫是现代海洋浮游动物中的重要类群，可生活在海水表层至几千米深的水体中，其残体是研究深海沉积不可或缺的重要微体古生物化石。目前研究证实，活体放射虫具有明显的垂直深度分带现象，且生活的水深具有区域性差异；多个海域的研究发现，生活在不同水深的特征属种组合与水团关系密切，可以利用这些属种组合来指示不同的水团，还可以进行晚第四纪水团分布重建及其结构变化分析。文章综述了国内外对现生放射虫生活水深分布的研究成果，重点阐述了活体放射虫水深分布带在现代海洋和古海洋研究中的意义和应用价值，对其研究前景进行了展望。