西周金文动词语法化初探

摘要

The Western Zhou Dynasty bronze inscription ( WZDBI) is one of the earliest systematic written languages of Han nationality and is the real and important meterial to studying the ancient vocabulary and grammar because of its keeping in the original states.One knows that the wide application to Chinese function words is important conditions to the variation of Chinese grammar.In the paper, through studying the meaning and the grammar function of the following six inscription verbs in unearthed literatures:lai(来) ,yu(于) ,ji(即) ,yi(以) ,ji(及) and ji(眔) , we affirm that the process of gram-maticalization to WZDBI verbs originates in serial verb construction and show that the exaggeration of ancient Chinese verbs is initiated from Shang-Zhou Dynasty.%西周金文是最早的成系统的汉民族语书面语之一，它保持着当时的语言原貌，是探索上古汉语词汇和语法的最真实、最宝贵的语料。汉语虚词的广泛应用，是促使语法变化的重要条件。通过对商周出土文献中“来”、“于”、“即”、“以”、“及”、“眔”的意义与功能的梳理，确认西周金文动词语法化过程导源于连动结构，证明上古汉语动词虚化始于商周之际。