为满足新一代航天器全生命周期参数测量和结构健康状态评估需求,智能结构成为近年来研究热点.基于国内外在航天器智能结构与先进传感技术领域的研究进展,提出构建一套航天器智能结构监测与健康评估系统.首先介绍系统组成,阐述工作原理,然后重点讨论适合在智能结构中应用的传感技术及其发展趋势,如光纤传感技术、微纳传感技术、柔性传感技术、分布式传感网络技术等.未来,智能结构监测与健康评估系统的应用将在保证高性能航天器安全性、可靠性、稳定性和生存力上起到至关重要的作用.%Smart structures have been widely investigated in recent years for structural parameter measurements and health assessments throughout the life cycle of the new generation of space vehicles. Based on the research progress in the field of smart structures and advanced sensing technologies at home and abroad, this paper proposes to construct a set of smart structural monitoring and health assessment system for space vehicles. Firstly, the composition of the system is introduced, and the operational principle is described. Then, the sensing technologies and their development trends which are suitable for applications in smart structures are discussed, such as fiber optic sensing technology, micro- and nanosensor technology, flexible sensor technology, and distributed sensing network. In the future, the application of the smart structural monitoring and health assessment system will play an important role in ensuring the safety, reliability, stability and survivability of high-performance space vehicles.
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