基于UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS的不同产地普洱生茶化学成分差异研究

摘要

In order to fully understand the influences of the production area on pu-erh raw tea quality and chemical composition, 12 pu-erh raw tea samples were selected from different mountains (villages) in Lincang, Pu'er, and Xishuangbanna. The nonvolatile tea metabolite phenotypes of the pu-erh raw teas were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-four (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS). The results showed that the pu-erh raw teas from different areas had distinct chemical compositions. Pu-erh raw teas from Xishuangbanna (including Mengla, Menghai, and Jinghong), Pu'er, and Lincang could be seperated by principal component analysis. Pu-erh raw teas could also be seperated according to producing areas (southeast, southwest, and northwest of pu-erh tea area). Seventy nine main components in pu-erh raw teas were identified, and the relationships between the components and the taste qualities of the 12 pu-erh raw teas were also analyzed. This study showed that the metabolite phenotypes analyzed by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS could be used for the discrimination of pu-erh raw teas according to producing areas.%为了更加全面地了解产地对普洱生茶品质与化学成分的影响,本研究选取来自临沧市、普洱市、西双版纳州三大产区12个茶山(自然村)的普洱生茶样品,采用超高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱(UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS)对不同产地普洱生茶的非挥发性代谢物表型进行了研究.结果表明:不同产地普洱生茶的化学成分在含量上具有较大差异,且具有明显的产地特征.采用主成分分析,可以对来自西双版纳自治州(包括勐腊县、勐海县、景洪市)、普洱市、临沧市3个地级行政区的普洱生茶进行有效区分,也可以对来自普洱茶产区的东南、西南、西北3个区域的普洱生茶进行有效区分.进一步鉴定了普洱生茶中79种主要成分,并对其在12个茶山(自然村)的普洱生茶中的含量分布,以及与不同产地普洱生茶滋味品质的关系进行了分析.本研究表明,基于UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS的茶叶非挥发性化学成分轮廓可以作为普洱生茶产地判别的依据.