本文研究了入侵植物胜红蓟(Ageratum conyzoides L.)精油对小贯小绿叶蝉(Empoasca onukii Matsuda)的生物活性.分别使用植株选择着落法、Y形嗅觉仪和改良熏蒸法,检测不同浓度的胜红蓟精油对小贯小绿叶蝉的忌避和熏蒸活性.并且采用气质联用仪(GC-MS)分析了胜红蓟精油的化学成分,初步探讨了化学成分与活性的关系.研究结果表明:不同浓度的胜红蓟精油对小贯小绿叶蝉均具有忌避和熏蒸活性,浓度越高,效果越佳.精油含量为200μL·mL-1,忌避率达到100.00%;精油含量为100μL·mL-1和50μL·mL-1时,处理小贯小绿叶蝉5 min,忌避率分别为91.67%±1.67%和76.67%±1.67%;精油含量为5μL·mL-1时熏蒸小贯小绿叶蝉12 h,死亡率为100%.并且胜红蓟精油中检测出24种化合物,其主要成分是 β-石竹烯(61.53%)、早熟素I(11.09%)和早熟素II(7.79%).胜红蓟精油对小贯小绿叶蝉的忌避和熏蒸活性可能与其主要成分的协同作用有关.研究结果证明,胜红蓟精油对小贯小绿叶蝉有明显的生物活性,具有开发成防治小贯小绿叶蝉植物源农药的潜力.%The biological activity of essential oil from the invasive plant species Ageratum conyzoides L. to leafhopper Empoasca onukii Matsuda was reported in this study. The effects of essential oil concentrations on E. onukii were also investigated by selecting different plants and using Y-tube olfactometer and modified fumigation methods. The chemical composition of essential oil was examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and their relative activities was also analyzed. The results indicated that essential oil concentrations from A. conyzoides had significant effects on fumigant and repellent properties against E. onukii. High concentrations of essential oil displayed significant powerful effects. At an oil concentration of 200 μL·mL-1, the repellent rate was 100%. At concentrations of 100 μL·mL-1 and 50 μL·mL-1, the repellent rates were 91.67%±1.67% and 76.67%±1.67%, respectively. At a concentration of 5 μL·mL-1, the fumigant mortality rate at 12 h was 100%. Twenty-four essential oil constituents were identified, with the major constituents being β-caryophyllene (61.53%), precocene I (11.09%), and precocene II (7.79%). Main synergistic composition could effectively increase the repellency and fumigant activity against E. onukii. The results showed that the essential oil of A. conyzoides had significant effects against E. onukii and potential benefits as a botanical pesticide to control E. onukii.
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