利用碳酸乙烯酯开环产物合成聚氨酯脲弹性体

摘要

二氧化碳的综合利用是关系人类生存环境的重大课题.采用二氧化碳的衍生物碳酸乙烯酯和1.6-己二胺开环反应合成脂肪族氨酯二醇,并将开环产物作为扩链剂与脂肪族聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)反应合成了脂肪族聚碳酸酯聚氨酯脲弹性体.研究表明,开环反应在38℃,反应10h后,可得到产率为89.9％(质量分数)的产物1.6-二(2-羟基-乙氧基羰基胺)已烷(DHDU).通过改变碳酸乙烯酯开环物(DHDU)在大分子链中形成的氨酯-脲硬段单元的比例,可以调节合成的聚氨酯脲弹性体的机械性能.当脂肪族聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)分子量相同时,随着PCDL/DHDU摩尔比的减小,合成的聚氨酯脲弹性体的拉伸强度和硬度增加,断裂伸长率减小.该合成产物在生物材料领域具有广泛的应用前景.%The comprehensive utilization of carbon dioxide is the major issue related to human and environment.In this paper,aliphatic urethane diols was firstly synthesized from ethylene carbonate,which is the derivative of carbon dioxide,and 1.6-diaminohexane.Then aliphatic polycarbonate poly(urethane-urea)s elastomers were synthesized from aliphatic polycarbonate diols (PCDL),isophoronodiisocyanate (IPDI),and the ring-oping product which was used as a chain extender.The results show that ring-opening product,1,6-bis(2-hydroxy-ethoxy carbonylaminohexane(DHDU),was obtained after reaction for 10 h at 38℃,with a yield of 89.9 wt％,and the mechanical propertie of poly(urethane-urea)s elastomers could be adjusted by changing the ratio of hard segments,which were the urethane and urea units formed by ring-oping product with IPDI,in polymer chains.As the molar ratio of PCDL to DHDU decreased,the tensile strength and hardness of elastomers increased and the elongation at break of elastomers decreased when the molecular weight of PCDL kept unchanged.The synthetic elastomer would have broad application prospects in the field of biological materials.