目的：研究超声监测SD大鼠诱导肝癌过程中肝脏门静脉血流量（Qpv）、肝静脉血流量（Qhv）及两者比值（Qpv/Qhv）变化的可行性及可靠性，并初步研究Qpv/Qhv值的变化与肝硬化及肝癌病变进程的相关性。方法在SD大鼠被诱导至肝癌的过程中，定期对大鼠进行肝脏的超声检查包括彩色血流成像,脉冲多普勒成像，测量门静脉主干（PV）、肝静脉(HV)血流参数,并计算门静脉血流量与肝静脉血流量比值（Qpv/Qhv），直至大鼠被诱导至肝癌。结果随着肝硬化程度的加深，门静脉主干内径测值逐渐增大（P<0.05）。肝癌期及肝硬化期的门静脉主干平均流速均低于正常期（P<0.05），而门静脉血流量均大于正常期。正常期肝静脉血流量明显大于肝硬化期及肝癌期。正常期门静脉血流量与肝静脉血流量比值（Qpv/Qhv）明显小于肝硬化期及肝癌期，但肝硬化期与肝癌期的Qpv/Qhv值比较无明显差异。结论无创性超声检测血流可作为监测肝硬化及肝癌SD大鼠模型肝脏血流动力学改变的可靠方法，Qpv/Qhv值的变化与肝硬化及肝癌的病变进程有一定相关性。%Objective To explore the feasibility and reliability of ultrasonic monitoring of portal vein (PV) and hepatic vein (HV) blood flow volume changes in the process of induced carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma and the correlation of PV/HV blood flow volume ratio (Qpv/Qhv) with the severity of liver cirrhosis. Methods SD rats with diethylnitrosamine-induced liver carcinogenesis underwent regular liver ultrasound examinations including color flow imaging and pulsed Doppler examination. The main PV and HV blood flow parameters were measured to calculate Qpv/Qhv until successful induction of liver cancer. Results The PV diameter increased significantly with the severity of liver cirrhosis in the rats (P<0.05), and the PV blood flow velocity reduced but the blood flow volume increased significantly in liver cancer and cirrhosis stages (P<0.05). Normal hepatic vein blood flow was significantly greater than that measured in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma stages. The Qpv/Qhv measured in normal rats was significantly lower than that in liver cirrhosis and liver cancer stages, but the ratios were comparable between the latter two stages. Conclusion Ultrasonography is reliable to monitor the change of liver hemodynamics in rats with induced liver carcinogenesis, in which the changes of Qpv/Qhv are correlated with the severity of liver cirrhosis.
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