2013~2016年广西猪伪狂犬病流行病学调查分析

摘要

[Objective]The purpose of this study was to fully study the epidemic characteristics of porcine pseudorabies virus(PRV)in Guangxi to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of porcine pseudorabies.[Method]From June,2013 to August,2016,473 suspected PRV positive tissue samples and 5041 suspected PRV positive serum samples were collected from pig farms of different scales in 12 cities in Guangxi. The pathogen of porcine pseudorabies and wild virus antibody in tissue and serum samples were detected by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)re-spectively.[Result]Positive rate for PRV of tissue and serum samples collected from scale pig farms in Guangxi were 26.43%and 24.50%respectively,and the positive rate of wild virus pathogen in tissue samples was basically consistent with that of PRV antibody in serum samples. The lowest positive rate for PRV occurred in 2015,while the highest in 2016. In Guangxi,PRV could be detected in all seasons,and the positive rate for PRV pathogen in tissue samples and that of antibody in serum samples were the lowest in the third quarter(autumn),which were 19.80%and 14.95%respec-tively. PRV could be detected in samples collected fromten out of the twelve cities in Guangxi,except Wuzhou and Fangchenggang,indicating that PRV infection was prevalent in scale pig farms in Guangxi,with Nanning,Yulin,Beihai and Guilin more serious.[Conclusion]PRV infection is commonin scale pig farms in Guangxi,and positive rate for PRV obviously increases in 2016,which requires intensified efforts to prevent and control PRV in areas where pig industry is developed,and real-time monitoring on PRV epidemiological trend to avoid mixed infection and do a good job in purifica-tion.%[目的]全面了解广西猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)的流行特点,为相关部门制定科学的猪伪狂犬病防控措施提供决策参考.[方法]于2013年6月~2016年8月从广西12个地市不同规模猪场采集疑似猪伪狂犬病阳性组织样品473份和血清样品5041份,通过PCR和ELISA分别对组织样品和血清样品进行PRV病原和野毒抗体检测.[结果]广西地区规模猪场的组织样品和血清样品PRV阳性率分别为26.43%和24.50%,且组织样品PRV病原阳性率与血清样品野毒抗体阳性率基本一致,以2015年的PRV阳性率最低、2016年的PRV阳性率最高.在广西地区一年四季均能检测到PRV,且组织样品的PRV病原阳性率和血清样品的野毒抗体阳性率均以第三季度(秋季)最低,分别为19.80%和14.95%.除了梧州市和防城港市的检测样品未检出PRV外,其他10个地市的检测样品均能检出PRV,说明广西规模猪场普遍存在PRV感染,且以南宁、玉林、北海和桂林等地市较严重.[结论]广西规模猪场普遍存在PRV感染,尤其是2016年PRV阳性率明显上升.因此,要求养猪业发达的地市应加大对PRV的防控力度,实时监控PRV的流行趋势,避免混合感染,并做好净化工作.