[目的]探究沼肥与钾肥配施对不同基因型玉米叶片保护酶及土壤酶活性的影响,为沼肥与钾肥配施在东北春玉米生产中的应用提供参考.[方法]选用玉米郑单958(紧凑型)和丰禾1号(平展型)为供试材料,采用盆栽方式,设A1(单施沼肥)、A2(沼肥与钾肥配施)和A3(单施钾肥)3个施肥处理,以不施肥为对照(CK).于玉米三叶期后0、8、16和24 d取叶片测定抗氧化酶活性,并于三叶期后0、10、20和30 d取土样测定土壤酶活性.[结果]在不同施肥处理条件下,两供试玉米品种幼苗叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均随生长天数的增加逐渐升高,各处理提升叶片SOD和POD活性的效果表现为A2>A3>A1>CK.随着玉米幼苗的生长,两供试玉米品种各处理的叶片MDA含量逐渐增加,但与CK相比,各施肥处理整体上可降低叶片MDA含量,且均以A2处理的MDA含量最低.同时,随着施肥时间的推移,玉米根际土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性均逐渐增加,不同施肥处理对土壤酶活性的提升效果表现为A2>A3>A1>CK.[结论]适当施用肥料有利于提高东北春玉米幼苗叶片的保护酶活性及玉米根际土壤酶活性,其中以沼肥与钾肥配施的效果最佳.%[Objective]Effects of combined application of biogas manure and potassium fertilizer on the protective en-zymes in maize leaf of different genotypes and soil enzyme activity were studied to provide reference for the application of biogas manure and potassium fertilizer in planting of spring maize in northeast China.[Method]Zhengdan 958(com-pact type)and Fenghe 1(flat-unfolded type)were chosen as experimental materials. The experiment was carried out in pot under four treatments including A1(single application of biogas manure),A2(combined application of biogas manure and potassium fertilizer),A3(single application of potassium fertilizer)and CK(no fertilizer). The activity of antioxidant enzymes was detected 0,8,16 and 24 d after three-leaf period of maize,and that of soil enzymes was measured 0,10, 20 and 30 d after three-leaf period.[Result]Activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)in leaves of two tested maize varieties increased as the days spent under different fertilization treatments,and the increasing effects of SOD and POD activities on leaf were A2>A3>A1>CK. With the growth of maize seedlings,content of malondialdehyde (MDA)in leaves of two tested varieties increased gradually. Compared with CK,content of MDA in leaves under all treatments decreased on a whole,with that under A2 treatment the lowest. At the same time,with the increase of fertiliza-tion time,activity of invertase,catalase and urease of maize rhizosphere soil increased gradually,and the increasing ef-fects of different fertilization treatments on soil enzyme activity showed A2>A3>A1>CK.[Conclusion]Appropriate appli-cation of fertilizers can improve the protective enzyme activity in leaf of spring maize seedlings and invertase activity of maize rhizosphere soil,and the combined application of biogas manure and potassium fertilizer presents the optimal effect.
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