机器人采摘荔枝的跌落碰撞损伤试验

摘要

[目的]减小机器人采摘荔枝时因回收放置不当产生的跌落碰撞损伤.[方法]对荔枝进行跌落碰撞试验,分析不同的跌落碰撞条件对荔枝失质量率及果壳褐变指数的影响.[结果]荔枝失质量率及果壳褐变指数随着采摘回收下放高度的提高和储藏时间的延长而分别增加;相同下放高度,碰撞接触材料为PVC板时,荔枝失质量率及果壳褐变指数最大;试验范围内,回收装置采用塑料框时,储藏2 d机器人采摘回收的最大起始下放高度为60 cm,储藏1周为30 cm;回收装置为瓦楞纸果箱,储藏2 d机器人采摘回收的最大起始下放高度为75 cm,储藏1周为45 cm;回收装置底层布满荔枝后,储藏2 d机器人采摘回收的最大起始下放高度可提高到90 cm,储藏1周可提高到60 cm.[结论]该研究可为荔枝机器人采摘回收放置减损策略的构建提供指导.%[Objective]To reduce the drop collision damages during litchi picking by robot due to improper placement and recycling.[Method]The drop collision experiment of litchi was performed. The influences of different drop collision conditions on weight loss and pericarp browning indexes of litchi were analyzed.[Result]The weight loss and pericarp browning indexes of litchi both increased with the dropping height of picking and placing and increased with the storage time. At the same dropping height, the weight loss and pericarp browning indexes of litchi were the highest when the impact contact material was PVC slab at collision. Within the scope of the experiment, it was conducive to reducing drop collision damages of litchi using the following maximum initiative dropping heights during the picking and placing process by robot: 60 cm after 2 d storage and 30 cm after one week storage when the recycling device was made from PVC plastic; 75 cm after 2 d storage and 45 cm after one week storage when the recycling device was made from corrugated board; 90 cm after 2 d storage and 60 cm after one week storage when the bottom of the recycling device was filled with litchi.[Conclusion]The research can provide guidance for developing strategies to decrease damage during the litchi picking and placing process based on robot.