油用牡丹单株产量和主要表型性状的相关性

摘要

[Objective] To analyze the variation of main phenotypic traits and yield per plant of oil peony ( Paeonia suffruticosa) , study the correlation between yield per plant and phenotypic traits , and deter-mine the components of yield per plant .[Method]Twenty five peony varieties were selected .Correlation analysis, principal component analysis , multiple regression analysis and path analysis were performed on their main phenotypic traits .[Result]The variation coefficients of all the investigated phenotypic traits ranged from 11.36%to 82.57%.Yield per plant was significantly ( P<0.01 ) positively correlated with 10 traits including fruit mass per plant , fruit number per plant ,valid fruit number per plant , seed rate, follicle width, crown area, new branch number per plant , two-year-old branch number per plant , flower number per plant and leaflet number .Yield per plant was significantly ( P<0.05 ) positively correlated with three traits including aggregate follicle diameter , compound leaf width and compound leaf length to petiole length ratio .Yield per plant was significantly ( P<0.05 ) negatively correlated with three traits including seed moisture content , top leaflet length and top leaflet shape index .The principal component analysis showed that there were five common factors with eigen values above 1, and the accumulative con-tribution rate was 69%.The multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis showed that yield per plant was significantly correlated with six traits including fruit mass per plant , fruit number per plant , valid fruit number per plant , seed rate , thousand-seed mass and top leaflet shape index .[Conclusion]The key traits influencing yield per plant of oil peony in order were fruit mass per plant , valid fruit num-ber per plant and seed rate .The three traits should be paid more attention in oil peony breeding and germplasm innovation .%【目的】探讨油用牡丹Paeonia suffruticosa主要表型性状和单株产量的变异特征及相关关系，确定牡丹单株产量的构成因素。【方法】以25份牡丹种质资源为材料，对其主要表型性状进行相关性、主成分、多元线性回归和通径分析。【结果】供试材料表型性状的变异系数为11.36％～82.57％，单株产量与单株果实质量、单株果实数、单株有效果实数、出籽率、蓇葖宽、冠幅面积、单株新枝数、单株2年生枝数、单株花朵数和小叶数等性状存在极显著正相关（P＜0.01）；单株产量与聚合蓇葖果直径、复叶宽、复叶叶长叶柄比等性状存在显著正相关（P＜0.05）；单株产量与种子含水量、顶小叶长和顶小叶叶形指数存在显著负相关（ P＜0.05）。主成分分析发现共有5个主成分特征根大于1，累计贡献率69％；多元线性回归和通径分析表明单株产量与单株果实质量、单株果实数、单株有效果实数、出籽率、千粒质量和顶小叶叶形指数等性状显著相关。【结论】对单株产量贡献最大的表型性状依次为单株果实质量、单株有效果实数和出籽率，应在油用牡丹品种选育和种质创新中予以重视。