农户贫困脆弱性与人力资本特征

摘要

Using survey data of 680 household farmers in Qinba Mountain Area in 2016,this paper esti-mates the vulnerability of poverty and analyses farmer's human capital characteristics, and empirically study human capital' effect on farmer's income and vulnerability with OLS and Quantile Regression mod-els.The results show a significant difference between vulnerable farmers and non-vulnerable farmers,and the difference is more obvious than that between poor farmers and non-poor farmers; Health, education and work experience can increase farmer's income level and decrease their vulnerability; work experi-ence exhibits an inverted U shape effect on farmer's income; education and work experience both have inverted U shape effect on decreasing farmer's vulnerability.Health has a biggest effect on middle in-come farmers,and its effect on vulnerability is strengthen by vulnerability quantile increasing;education and work experience have biggest effect on low income farmers,and contribute to narrow the income gap.%利用2016年秦巴山区680个农户的调查数据,对农户贫困脆弱性和人力资本特征进行了分析,运用OLS模型和分位数回归方法分析了人力资本对农户收入水平和脆弱性的影响.结果显示:脆弱性农户和非脆弱性农户间的人力资本差异十分显著,比贫困和非贫困农户间的差异更加明显;劳动力健康、受教育年限、工作经验都会显著增加农户的收入水平,降低农户贫困脆弱性程度;工作经验对农户收入水平的影响呈现倒U型特征,受教育年限和工作经验降低农户贫困脆弱性的作用均呈现倒U型特征;劳动力健康对中等收入农户的收入影响最大,随着分位数的提高,劳动力健康对农户脆弱性的作用逐渐增强,受教育年限和工作经验对低收入农户的影响最大,有助于缩小农户收入差距.