高活性铝锂合金的制备及微观结构与水解性能研究

摘要

研究了机械球磨法制备的铝锂合金微观结构与水解性能,考察了金属锂含量和其他金属掺杂的影响,并探讨了相关的改善机制及水解机理.结果表明,增加锂含量和其他金属(X:Bi,Sn,Ga和In)掺杂,可明显改善铝合金的水解性能.通过XRD、SEM和水解测试等实验分析,增加锂含量的作用在于:在球磨过程中减小合金粉颗粒尺寸；金属锂水解释放大量的热量和碱性物质LiOH改善铝的水解动力学.其次,掺杂金属X与金属锂形成金属间化合物LiX,LiX与AIX在水中易形成双重腐蚀电池,促进了金属铝的水解动力学.%The microstructure and hydrolysis perfonnance of milled Al-Li alloys were studied. The effects of Li content and other metal additives such as X(X: Bi,Sn,Ga and In) were investigated. The related activation and hydrolysis mechansim were also elaborated. The results show that increasing Li content and metal additives could significantly improve the hydrolysis performance of aluminum. Increasing Li content was helpful to decrease particle size of milled Al-Li alloy and Li hydrolysis generated a lot of heat and LiOH which accelerated Al hydrolysis. The effect of metal additives was the same as that of increasing Ii content. There exist the synergistic catalytic effect of Ii and X as metal Ii combined with X to form LiX intermetallic compound, which acted as initial hydrolysis centers. LiX and A1X could create dual micro-galvanic cells which stimulated electrochemical corrosion of aluminum in water.