炔基聚酰亚胺杂化树脂的制备与复合材料性能

摘要

In this paper,one kind of novel ethynylpolyimide hybrid resin was prepared,and the propeties of laminate composites reinforced by silica cloth were evaluated.The synthesis was started with 4-phenylethynylphthalic anhydride (4-PEPA),3-aminophe-nylacetylene (3-APA) and 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDS).Upon thermal treatment,silicon-containing ethynylpolyimide was prepared in a solid state with low melting point. Novol hybrid resins were readily realized by melt blending of ethynylpolyimide and phenylacetylene-terminated polysilylarylacetylene (BLJ).The results reveal that the hybrid resin has a low melting point (<80℃) ,the improvement of rehological behaviors and processing capability of Resin Transfer Molding ( RTM ) . Furthermore for the ethynylpolyimide hybrid ( with BLJ) ,the thermal cure temperature was highly decreased ( about 125~170℃) ,and the thermal re-sistance in air was enhanced (mass loss less than 5% affter heat-treated at 500℃ for 10 min in air).The mechanical properties of laminates with silica cloth as reinforcement at high temperature were comparably ideal,and the glass transition temperature ( Tg ) is less than 350℃. The ethynylpolyimide-polysilylarylacetylene hybrid resin is a kind of promising candidate for thermo-structure mate-rials in aerospace and aviation indusries.%合成了一种低熔点炔基聚酰亚胺杂化树脂,并作为耐高温复合材料基体,研究了石英布层压复合材料的性能。以4-苯乙炔苯酐(4-PEPA)、3-乙炔苯胺(3-APA)和1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷(TMDS)为原料,经热处理得到低熔点炔基聚酰亚胺树脂。将炔基聚酰亚胺与苯乙炔封端硅芳炔树脂( BLJ)熔融共混得到具有较低固化温度的炔基聚酰亚胺杂化树脂。结果表明,炔基聚酰亚胺杂化树脂的熔点很低(<80℃),在80~110℃具有适宜和稳定的粘度,适合复合材料的RTM成型工艺；炔基聚酰亚胺杂化树脂具有很低的固化温度(约125~170℃)。炔基聚酰亚胺杂化树脂具有较高的耐热氧化性(500℃空气气氛中处理10 min失重率小于5%)。炔基聚酰亚胺杂化树脂石英布层压复合材料的玻璃化温度大于350℃,具有很高的高温力学性能,有望应用于航空航天耐热结构材料。