脉冲推力器内弹道特性研究与改进

摘要

为了研究某脉冲推力器的内弹道特性,建立考虑点火过程的内弹道数学模型,对点火药量为0.6g,主装药量分别为3.4 9和2.8 g的装药方案进行数值计算,并进行试验验证,数值计算结果与试验结果较一致.分析了脉冲推力器工作不稳定的因素,指出点火药颗粒度过大、燃速过慢会导致工作阶段输出不稳定.为改进脉冲推力器的内弹道性能,对颗粒度更小的点火药进行了数值计算.结果表明,使用颗粒度更小的点火药,可使脉冲推力器的内弹道性能有所改善.%A mathematical model considering ignition process was established to study the interior ballistic characteristics of an impulse thruster.Numerical calculations and verification experiments for different charge plans were carried out,in which the ignition charge mass was 0.6 g,and the main charge masses were 3.4 g and 2.8 g,respectively.Theoretical and experimental results show a great agreement.The factors causing instability process of the impulse thruster were analyzed.It has been indicated that the excessive granularity of ignition powder as well as low burning rate can cause unstable output of the impulse thruster.To improve the interior ballistic characteristics,further numerical calculations were performed using the same propellant but thinner ignition powder.Computed results show that using thinner ignition powder would improve interior ballistic characteristics of the impulse thruster.