纺丝工艺对炭纤维缠绕复合材料强度转化率的影响

摘要

通过不同纺丝工艺的聚丙烯腈基炭纤维表面状态、NOL环及φ150 mm容器的实验研究,分析了不同纺丝工艺对湿法缠绕复合材料聚丙烯腈基炭纤维强度转化率的影响.结果表明,干喷湿纺炭纤维比湿法纺丝φ150 mm容器环向纤维强度转化率要高出11.9％ ～ 15.4％,湿法纺丝的炭纤维复合材料NOL环层间剪切强度要比干喷湿纺炭纤维复合材料高7.4～ 34.1 MPa.因此,干喷湿纺的炭纤维可应用于固体火箭发动机缠绕壳体、压力容器等主要承受拉伸应力的领域,可充分发挥其纤维强度;而湿法纺丝工艺制成的炭纤维与树脂基体结合紧密,利于载荷的传递,可应用于承受压缩剪切等复杂载荷的领域,从而发挥这两种纤维各自不同优势.%Through the experimental study of the surface state of different spinning process polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber and NOL ring and φb150 mm pressure vessels wound with the different spinning process polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber reinforced composite,the effects of spinning process on wet winding composite polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber strength transformation ratio were analyzed.The results show that the circumferential strength transformation ratio of φ150 mm pressure vessels wound with the dry jet-wet spinning carbon fiber is increased by 11.9％ ～ 15.4％ compared with that of wet spinning carbon fiber.The interlaminar shear strength of NOL rings wound with the dry jet-wet spinning carbon fiber is increased by 7.4 ～ 34.1 MPa compared with that of wet spinning carbon fiber.Therefore,the dry jet-wet spinning carbon fiber can be used in solid motor winding shell,pressure vessels and other tensile load beating field,which can give full play to its strength.The wet spinning carbon fiber is well integrated with the resin matrix,which is beneficial for load transfer and can be used in compression shear complex load bearing field.