Since nodes near the sink burden the data load for nodes far away in wireless sensor networks, its energy consumption is higher and easy to form the energy hole. In this paper, for cluster based heterogeneous wireless network in which the node with higher initial energy as the cluster head and nodes with lower initial energy as common nodes, the study proposes an energy hole avoid strategy by working with unequal cluster radius. The core idea of this strategy is that the cluster radius near the sink is smaller and cluster radius away from the sink is bigger, so that more cluster heads with higher initial energy are deployed near the sink, and then weaken the impact of energy hole, so as to balance the energy consumption. This paper aims at mitigating energy hole by deploying fewer nodes under the network lifetime constraint, and gives the detailed calculation and optimization method of the unequal cluster radius values. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the strategy in this paper has greatly improve the network lifetime and performance, and can be a good guidance for deployment of heterogeneous wireless networks.%在无线传感器网络中,由于sink附近的节点承担远方节点数据的转发,故能量消耗较高,容易在sink附近形成能量空洞而使网络提前死亡.针对由初始能量较大节点充当簇头节点与初始能量较小的节点作为普通节点组成的异构分簇无线传感器网络,提出了不等簇半径工作能量空洞避免策略.策略的核心是让近sink的簇半径较小,而远sink的簇半径较大,这样,近sink部署的初始能量较大的簇头节点较多,因而能够减弱能量空洞的影响,以达到能量消耗均衡的目的.将能量空洞避免问题转化为在保证网络寿命满足应用需求约束前提下如何使部署的节点最小的优化问题,并详细给出了不等簇半径的取值与优化方法.理论分析与实验结果表明,所提出的策略对网络寿命与性能有较大的改善,对于异构传感器网络建设有较好的指导意义.
展开▼
