制导雷达检测性能影响因素分析研究

摘要

制导雷达准确检测日标是实现其对目标识别和跟踪的前提.影响制导雷达检测性能的因素很多,主要包括与雷达相关的因素(如频率稳定性、雷达平台稳定性、雷达平台运动特性等)、与目标相关的因素(如目标结构、目标运动特性、RCS大小、RCS起伏等)、与环境相关的因素(如杂波特性、传输特性等).针对制导雷达检测性能评估这一目的,将影响因素分为内部、外部和中间三个层面,主要从目标特性、杂波特性和制导雷达平台运动特性三个方面分析研究了制导雷达目标检测性能的影响因素.首先从信号角度推导了制导雷达目标检测的流程,然后详细分析了影响制导雷达目标检测性能的各项因素,得出了在通常制导雷达系统参数条件下,径向加速度的影响可以忽略;RCS无起伏、散射中心分布越稠密、散射中心分布越均匀目标的检测性能更优;杂波反射越强、幅度起伏越大、相关性越强对检测性能影响越大的结论,并通过仿真实验验证了结论的正确性.%Target detection is the premise of target identification/tracking of the guidance radar. There are many factors which affect the detection performance of guidance radar, including radar-related factors ( such as frequency stability , the stability of the radar platform , motion characteristics of the radar platform , etc. ) , target-related factors ( such as target structure, target motion characteristics, RCS fluctuations etc. ) , and environment-related factors ( such as clutter characteristics, transmission characteristics, etc. ). For the purpose of detection performance evaluation, this paper divides the factors into three levels, and analyzes the influencing factors of target characteristics, clutter characteristics and motion characteristics of the radar platform. First, guidance radar target detection based on range profile was derived from signal processing point of view, and then, this paper analyzed the various factors which impact on guidance radar target detection performance, derived some conclusions: under the general guidance radar system parameters , the radial accelenUion can be ignored ; target which have characteristics of non-fluctuating RCS, the more dense distribution of scattering centers.the more uniform distribution of scattering centers, the detection performance is better; clutter which have characteristics of the stronger reflectivity, the greater amplitude fluctuation, and the higher correlation, the decection performance is impacted worse. At last, the simulation results show correctness of the conclusions.