在日本，20世纪90年代后强烈的私化现象和与之对抗的新国家主义思潮造成了诸多社会问题；国际上，全球化的发展要求日本的公领域从空间维度上进一步扩展。在这样的背景下，公共哲学在日本兴起。公共哲学研究者剖析了日本传统公私问题的弊端，认为公的封闭性和公私地位的不平等是日本公私问题的症结所在，是造成“灭私奉公”“灭公为私”的罪魁祸首。他们认为解决日本传统公私问题的关键就是“活私开公”，也就是在克服公私不分、公私对立的基础上，导入公共的概念，以达到自己、他人、社会共存共荣的目的。%In the late 1990s of Japan, the contradiction between strong privatization and spirit of new nation-alism resulted in many social issues. In the world, globalization development requested Japan public domain to further develop from space dimension. With such a background, public philosophy was emerging. Public philosophy researchers analyzed the drawbacks on Japan public-and-private issues, and found that the public closure and the inequality between public and private position were the crux of Japan's public-and-private issues, and was an arch-criminal to cause "public-abiding and private-extirpating" and "private-extirpating for public-abiding". They believed that private liberating and public unlocking was the key to resolve Japan's traditional public-and-private issues. In other words, on the base of overwhelming public-and-private monism and dualism, public concept was brought to achieve the goal of coexistence and co-prosperity among self, others and society.
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