枣花蜜中钾离子含量以及枣花蜜对蜜蜂的影响

摘要

通过对枣花蜜及其他蜜样中钾离子含量的测定及其饲喂试验,研究枣花蜜对蜜蜂的影响.结果表明,8个蜜样中,槐花蜜的钾含量最低；采自临猗、太谷和临县的枣花蜜的钾离子含量比这3个试验点的枣花花蜜的钾离子含量高；除槐花蜜外,7个蜜样之间都没有显著差异(P＞0.05).饲喂枣花蜜、槐花蜜和山花蜜的试验发现,槐花蜜饲喂蜜蜂后的死亡率最低,饲喂枣花蜜后蜜蜂死亡率是饲喂槐花蜜后的1.97倍,饲喂槐花蜜的蜜蜂死亡率与饲喂枣花蜜和山花蜜的蜜蜂死亡率之间差异显著(P＜0.05).3个试验点枣花花蜜的饲喂结果表明,临县试验点蜜蜂死亡率最高,是太谷试验点的1.48倍；饲喂枣花花蜜的蜜蜂死亡率为饲喂枣花蜜的1.47倍.由此可见,枣花期蜜蜂死亡不但与枣花蜜中的钾离子含量有关,而且还可能与枣花蜜中的其他成分有关.%Based on determination of potassium ion content in jujube honey and other honey samples, and feeding experiment of jujube honey, the influences of jujube honey for honeybees were studied. The resulls showed that: the content of potassium in Sophorae honey was the lowest among all samples. Potassium ion content of the jujube honey collected from Linyi, Taigu and Linxian counties were all higher than those of jujube nectar collected from these three sites, but there were no significant differences between these three (P> 0.05). The feeding tests of Sophorae honey, jujube honey and wild honey were found that the honeybees had the lowest mortality after Sophorae honey feeding, the honeybees mortality after jujube honey feeding is 1.97 time of its mortality, and the mortality after Sophorae honey feeding and other had significant difference (P< 0.05). The feedings result of three sites showed that there were the highest death rates of honeybees after jujube nectar feeding from the Linxian site, is 1.48 times higher than that in the Taigu site. The honeybee death rate after jujube nectar feeding was 1.56 times of that of jujube honey feeding. Therefore, during jujube blossom the honeybee death was not only related to the potassium ion content in jujube honey, but also might to other components in jujube nectar.